In creating this description, I have been guided by Barnett[i] and Davies[ii], but primarily by Johnson who says, “An example of such a hierarchy of needs is the one suggested by A. H. Maslow: (a) physical needs (water, food, and sex); (b) safety (order, predictability, and dependability of the environment); (c) love, affection, and belongingness; (d) self-esteem; and (e) self-actualization”.[iii]  I consider only (a) and (b) of Maslow’s hierarchy to be of concern to governments.

 

[i]. H. G. Barnett, Innovation: The Basis of cultural Change (New York: McGraw-Hill, paperbound, ed., 1953) Part 2, 97-180.

[ii]. James C. Davies, Human Nature in Politics (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1963) 9.

[iii]. Chalmers Johnson, Revolutionary Change (Boston, Little Brown and Company, 1966) 24.